Contribution of Illicit Drug Use to Pharmaceutical Load in the Environment: A Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa

Table 3

Representatives of instances of illegal substances and their metabolites in environmental compartments around the world.

Country	Illicit drug	Consumption (mg/day/1000 inhabitants)	References
Hong Kong	Ketamine	1400–1600	[117]
	Cocaine	160–180
	Methamphetamine	180–200
Europe	Cocaine	0–2000	[21]
	Amphetamine	LOQ–3040
	Methamphetamine	50–400
	MDMA	LOD–615
	THC-COOH	25–200
Brussels (Belgium)	Cocaine	400–650	[43]
	Heroin	350–400
	MDMA	5–25
	Methamphetamine	0–5
	Amphetamine	40–80
South Korea	Methamphetamine	14.9–28.6	[3]
	cis-Tramadol (opioid)	27.5
UK	MDMA	50	[116]
	Methamphetamine	110
	Benzoylecgonine	1000
	Mephedrone	50
	06-MAM	80
	Ketamine	200
	Amphetamine	120
	Cocaine	1500

06-MAM, 6-monoacetylmorphine; MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine; THC; tetrahydrocannabinol.