Variation in Flavonoid Composition and Radical-Scavenging Activity in Ginkgo biloba L. due to the Growth Location and Time of Harvest
Table 5
Comparison of individual compounds in G. biloba leaf extracts.
Sample number
Growth location
Time of harvest
Content (mg g−1)
Quercetin
Kaempferol
Isorhamnetin
1
North
June
2.22 ± 0.04
0.76 ± 0.03
0.10 ± 0.01
July
5.98 ± 0.10
1.94 ± 0.07
0.32 ± 0.03
August
5.22 ± 0.09
1.67 ± 0.05
0.22 ± 0.02
September
5.35 ± 0.09
1.63 ± 0.06
0.16 ± 0.03
October
4.07 ± 0.07
1.20 ± 0.04
0.11 ± 0.02
2
West
June
3.40 ± 0.29
0.73 ± 0.01
0.25 ± 0.01
July
13.27 ± 0.59
2.19 ± 0.14
1.03 ± 0.15
August
9.48 ± 2.21
1.83 ± 0.22
0.82 ± 0.11
September
7.52 ± 1.64
1.79 ± 0.02
0.41 ± 0.11
October
7.53 ± 2.85
1.39 ± 0.41
0.46 ± 0.14
3
Central
June
2.12 ± 0.04
0.84 ± 0.03
0.22 ± 0.01
July
4.65 ± 0.08
1.50 ± 0.05
0.43 ± 0.02
August
5.82 ± 0.10
1.64 ± 0.05
0.68 ± 0.03
September
3.58 ± 0.06
1.40 ± 0.04
0.37 ± 0.01
October
3.71 ± 0.06
1.28 ± 0.04
0.28 ± 0.01
4
Southwest
June
2.56 ± 0.05
1.00 ± 0.04
0.18 ± 0.01
July
7.42 ± 0.13
2.81 ± 0.10
0.44 ± 0.01
August
4.98 ± 0.09
2.06 ± 0.07
0.38 ± 0.01
September
6.44 ± 0.11
2.36 ± 0.08
0.19 ± 0.03
October
3.13 ± 0.05
1.40 ± 0.05
0.30 ± 0.01
5
South
June
2.84 ± 0.05
0.62 ± 0.02
0.16 ± 0.02
July
5.89 ± 0.10
1.46 ± 0.05
0.39 ± 0.04
August
9.10 ± 0.16
1.74 ± 0.06
0.56 ± 0.07
September
7.91 ± 0.14
1.51 ± 0.05
0.29 ± 0.06
October
2.97 ± 0.05
0.85 ± 0.03
0.11 ± 0.02
Notes. () Different letters in columns show significant difference between the time of harvest for each compound and growth location based on Tukey’s HSD test at ; () results are presented as the mean ± standard error () of the recorded concentrations.
