Quality Risk Evaluation of the Food Supply Chain Using a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model and Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis

Table 1

Quality risk evaluation indicator system for the food supply chain.

Evaluation objects	Risk evaluation indicators		References
Raw material supply risk	Soil pollution	Air pollution	[33–37]
	Water pollution	Heavy metal pollution
	Illegal use of additives	Residual inputs
	Microbial contamination,	Pathogenic bacteria pollution
	Transgenic technology risk
Production and processing risk	Illegal use of additives	Contamination with foreign matter	[34, 37–42]
	Inability to wash a food product clean	Presence of detergent residue
	Pathogen contamination	Microbial contamination
	Uncertified processing equipment	Nonstandardized processing personnel operation
	Insufficient processing environment	Insufficient processing equipment
	Inappropriate packaging	Insufficient packaging quality
	Uncertified packaging logo	Insufficient assurance of personnel health
	Quality inspection risk	Insufficient storage process
Logistics, warehousing, and transportation risk	Inventory control technology	Intelligent temperature-control facilities	[40–46]
	Transport vehicle sanitation	Cold chain hardware supporting facilities
	Third-party logistics level	Partner technology platform convergence
	Product portfolio storage transport	Cold chain logistics information transmission
	Logistics road infrastructure	Illegal operation of Logistics transport personnel
	Vehicle scheduling and monitoring information feedback
Sales and consumption risk	Selling expired food	Falsifying the date of production	[42, 47–52]
	False reporting of food ingredients	Poor sanitation in dining establishments
	Poor sanitation conditions	Improper disposal of waste food
	Poor sanitation in cooking facilities	Improper eating methods
	Insufficient storage environment
Government regulatory risk	Imperfect regulatory system	Supervisory staff level	[53–57]
	Supervisor moral hazard	Supervision channels
	Regulatory organization	Regulatory agency efficiency
	Regulatory process management	Regulatory results feedback
	Regulatory detection technology	Other risks