Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Berry Seeds: Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity

Table 2

Content of tocopherols (T) and tocotrienols (Tr) in cloudberry, black currant, and bilberry seed oils extracted by SFE at different temperatures and by hexane extraction.

Oils	mg/100 g oil						mg/100 g dry seeds
	α-T	γ-T	δ-T	α-Tr	γ-Tr	Total	Total
Cloudberry 50°C	38.2 ± 1.44^d	67.1 ± 2.95^b	4.9 ± 0.01^b	n.d.	0.8 ± 0.03^a	111.0 ± 5.38^c	3.7 ± 0.18^a
Cloudberry 80°C	40.2 ± 1.34^d	74.9 ± 1.91^bc	4.9 ± 0.03^b	0.2 ± 0.00^a	1.1 ± 0.01^a	121.3 ± 4.67^cd	8.2 ± 0.31^c
Cloudberry Hx	40.3 ± 0.13^d	84.6 ± 1.53^c	5.5 ± 0.05^b	n.d.	1.0 ± 0.06^a	131.5 ± 2.37^d	13.7 ± 0.25^e
Black currant 50°C	122.1 ± 1.24^f	102.7 ± 6.10^d	16.0 ± 0.67^d	0.3 ± 0.02^b	0.7 ± 0.02^a	241.8 ± 9.65^f	4.7 ± 0.19^b
Black currant 80°C	93.2 ± 1.21^e	87.4 ± 0.02^c	13.7 ± 0.06^c	0.3 ± 0.01^b	2.4 ± 0.01^a	197.0 ± 1.58^e	12.0 ± 0.09^d
Black currant Hx	30.7 ± 1.11^c	69.7 ± 1.78^b	12.5 ± 0.17^c	n.d.	0.1 ± 0.02^a	113.0 ± 4.34^cd	11.3 ± 0.43^d
Bilberry 50°C	18.1 ± 0.12^b	3.6 ± 0.17^a	0.3 ± 0.01^a	0.6 ± 0.00^c	36.4 ± 2.15^c	59.1 ± 3.14^b	7.8 ± 0.41^c
Bilberry 80°C	25.8 ± 0.32^c	4.8 ± 0.00^a	0.5 ± 0.01^a	0.7 ± 0.01^d	37.4 ± 1.84^c	69.3 ± 3.06^b	8.6 ± 0.38^c
Bilberry Hx	4.7 ± 0.19^a	1.6 ± 0.03^a	0.2 ± 0.01^a	n.d.	10.7 ± 0.39^b	17.2 ± 0.85^a	3.2 ± 0.16^a

Results are mean values ± standard deviation of triplicates, and different letters within the same column indicate significant difference () according to ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test; n.d. = not detected.