|
| Molecule | Physical treatment | Solvent | Centrifuge | Neutralised | Detection (nm) | Ref. |
|
| Glycogen | Homogenised:
30–45 s | 10 mL HClO4 (9%) | 15,000 g
4°C | | 460 | [63, 64] |
Incubated:
100°C–15 min | 400 μl KOH (30%) | — | | 505 | [65, 66] |
Digested: amyloglucosidase (1 mL)
Incubated:
37°C–2 h | C2H3NaO2 buffer pH 4.8 | — | |
|
| Proglycogen and macroglycogen | Incubated:
on ice 25 min | 3M HClO4 | 1900 g
20 min 4°C | 2 M Trizma base | | [43] |
|
| Lactate | Homogenised:
30 s | 2 ml of 1 M HClO4 | | KOH (2 M) | 340 | [63] |
| Homogenised | 20 mM citrate, 50 mM phosphate buffer, 2.5 mg/ml EDTA, pH 6.8. | | | | [67] |
Incubated:
on ice (30 min) | 600 µl of 3M HClO4 | 1500 g
10 min 4°C | | | [68, 69] |
|
| Reducing and phosphorylated sugars | Homogenised:
2 min Ultra Turrax | 6 ml of HClO4 (0.6 M), deionised water (1.0 ml); 0.5 ml 20 mM rhamnose and 10 mM cytidine as IS for sugar and ribonucleotide | 3000 g
15 min 4°C | KOH (∼0.8 ml of 4 M) (supernatant) | | [70] |
|
| Ribonucleotides: ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP | Homogenised: 4 min, 4°C masticator | 15 mL cold 0.6 M HClO4 | 15000 g
20 min 4°C | Solid potassium carbonate | 254, 280 | [71] |
Incubated:
on ice (15 min) | 600 µl of ice-cold 0.6 M HClO4 containing bromthymol blue and phenolphthalein 0.004% | 10,600 g
5 min 4°C | 540 µl of ice-cold 0.8 M KOH and 25 ml ice-cold 25% KH2PO4 buffer | 210 | [68] |
Homogenised:
2 min full-speed Ultra Turrax | 6 ml HClO4 (0.6 M) deionised water (1.0 ml) | 3000 g
15 min 4°C | KOH (∼0.8 ml of 4 M) (supernatant) | 254 | [70] |
Homogenised:
1 min full-speed Virtis Macro 45 | 20 ml HClO4 0.9 M | 3000 g
10 min | 2M potassium hydroxide | Several wavelengths | [72, 73] |
|
| Glycolytic rate | Homogenised:
5000 rpm for 90 s (Ace homogeniser AM-8) | 6% HClO4 | 3000 g
10 min 4°C | | Ratio of absorbance: 250/260 | [63, 73] |
|
| Creatine, creatine phosphate | Incubated:
on ice (15 min) | 600 µl of ice-cold 0.6 M HClO4 containing bromthymolblue and phenolphthalein 0.004% | 10,600 g
5 min, 4°C | 540 µl 0.8 M KOH + 25 ml 25% KH2PO4 buffer ice-cold | 210 | [68] |
|
| Calcium | Ashed:
furnace 450°C | HNO3 and HClO4 digestion | | | Atomic absorption spectrometry | [32] |
|
