Journal of Food Quality

Research Article

Predictive Growth Modeling of Listeria monocytogenes in Rice Balls and Its Risk Assessment

Table 2

Model inputs for food scenarios of L. monocytogenes in rice balls in FDA-iRISK 4.0.


Element of risk	L. monocytogenes in rice balls
scenario	Input parameter, iRISK template	Model input	Reference

Food	Rice ball, tuna	Description	—
Hazard	L. monocytogenes	Description	—
Process model	Initial prevalence	0.067	Cho et al. [41]
	Initial concentration	LTM¹⁾: uniform (1.23,1.91/1.50,1.91/1.11,1.62) log CFU²⁾ LTS: uniform (1.40,1.64/1.26,1.39/1.51,1.99) log CFU LTG: uniform (1.71,2.45/1.94,2.74/2.07,2.14) log CFU LHM: uniform (2.77,3.27/1.95,2.14/1.05,1.92) log CFU LHS: uniform (2.58,3.15/1.37,2.05/0.87,1.20) log CFU LHG: uniform (2.58,3.15/2.04,2.79/2.16,2.36) log CFU	Experiment
	Initial unit mass	150 g	Experiment
	Process stage 1: storage at 7, 15, and 25°C, increase by growth	LTM: uniform (3.00,3.01/5.95,6.03/3.31, 4.69) log CFU³⁾ LTS: uniform (7.01,7.02/6.32,8.17/6.29,7.08) log CFU LTG: uniform (8.11,9.59/7.09,7.51/7.13,7.32) log CFU LHM: uniform (6.70,6.98/6.60,7.16/6.81,7.06) log CFU LHS: uniform (7.83,8.53/6.81,7.68/7.31,8.26) log CFU LHG: uniform (7.83,8.53/7.61,9.98/7.77,7.98) log CFU	Experiment
Consumption model	Grams per eating occasion	118.6 g	Shin et al. [42]
Consumption model	Eating occasions per year	23.99	Korea Health Statistics: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016)
Dose-response model	Healthy people	7.90E − 12	Pouillot et al. [43]
	Pregnant women	2.01E − 09
	Elderly (more than 65 years old)	1.49E − 10
Disease burden	Healthy people	0.015 DALY per case	Noordhout et al. [44]
Disease burden	Pregnant women and elderly	12.91 DALY per case	Noordhout et al. [44]

1) LTM, LTS, and LTG are tuna rice balls mixed with mayonnaise, soy sauce, and gochujang contaminated by L. monocytogenes; LHM, LHS, and LHG are ham rice balls mixed with mayonnaise, soy sauce, and gochujang contaminated by L. monocytogenes. 2) Input data for the initial concentration input: minimum and maximum concentrations at 7°C/minimum and maximum concentrations at 15°C/minimum and maximum concentrations at 25°C. 3) Process stage input: minimum and maximum concentrations at 7°C/minimum and maximum concentrations at 15°C/minimum and maximum concentrations at 25°C.