Physicochemical and Thermal Characteristics of Onion Skin from Fifteen Indian Cultivars for Possible Food Applications

Table 2

Mineral composition of onion skins of fifteen cultivars.

Cultivar	K	Ca	P	Mn	Na	Mg	Fe	Zn	Cu
Agrifound Dark Red	3366.17 ± 28.29^k	1197.18 ± 7.82^b	2418.49 ± 66.34^ef	11.67 ± 0.41^d	508.34 ± 17.46^de	762.18 ± 25.33^h	170.87 ± 0.29^j	34.54 ± 0.39^j	25.52 ± 0.39^i
Agrifound Light Red	3050.16 ± 42.48^h	1381.58 ± 23.57^d	2551.78 ± 41.45^f	12.55 ± 0.51^e	610.89 ± 20.85^g	335.27 ± 9.42^c	150.90 ± 0.13^g	29.65 ± 0.28^g	21.78 ± 0.29^f
Arka Kirthiman	2137.99 ± 56.22^c	1222.92 ± 29.35^b	2056.44 ± 43.67^b	11.67 ± 0.41^cd	575.46 ± 42.74^g	207.63 ± 6.06^a	135.86 ± 0.17^d	21.71 ± 0.23^c	16.52 ± 0.34^c
Bhima Kiran	2614.45 ± 78.93^e	1325.89 ± 28.02^c	2632.97 ± 55.48^g	13.44 ± 0.45^fg	674.82 ± 28.11^h	297.96 ± 7.29^bc	130.74 ± 0.17^c	22.62 ± 0.19^d	18.66 ± 0.12^d
Bhima Shakti	3140.76 ± 56.26^i	1492.81 ± 18.16^e	2458.65 ± 52.66^f	14.03 ± 0.17^gh	488.47 ± 20.31^d	361.48 ± 32.46^de	140.82 ± 0.24^e	25.56 ± 0.29^e	23.49 ± 0.27^g
Bhima Shubhra	959.05 ± 27.72^b	770.48 ± 30.61^a	796.22 ± 13.01^a	10.04 ± 0.17^b	127.97 ± 1.52^a	168.57 ± 11.23^a	110.60 ± 0.37^a	17.95 ± 0.06^a	12.45 ± 0.43^a
Hissar-2	3250.05 ± 36.78^j	2892.29 ± 23.28^j	2789.47 ± 20.34^h	17.37 ± 0.57^i	794.25 ± 10.17^i	888.78 ± 16.61^i	197.01 ± 0.11^n	38.39 ± 0.34^m	27.95 ± 0.14^k
Hissar-3	2667.44 ± 27.70^e	2496.18 ± 72.00^h	2430.87 ± 50.50^de	14.09 ± 0.17^gh	599.86 ± 10.8^g	641.32 ± 41.48^g	181.07 ± 0.84^l	31.48 ± 0.23^h	24.29 ± 0.25^h
NHRDF Red	3474.01 ± 17.16^l	3007.81 ± 16.42^k	2873.10 ± 46.76^i	18.68 ± 0.42^j	879.97 ± 26.15^j	1034.54 ± 49.98^j	211.96 ± 0.08^o	39.27 ± 0.34^n	29.49 ± 0.32^l
Phursungi Local	2233.70 ± 18.23^d	2691.22 ± 32.91^i	2395.82 ± 55.92^de	13.33 ± 0.48^fg	431.88 ± 32.34^c	443.80 ± 39.69^f	160.53 ± 0.33^h	33.61 ± 0.40^i	21.36 ± 0.29^f
Pusa Madhavi	2767.56 ± 30.22^f	2702.44 ± 26.78^i	2362.49 ± 17.24^cd	14.37 ± 0.47^h	540.69 ± 45.12^ef	743.15 ± 27.33^h	175.85 ± 0.18^k	35.41 ± 0.42^k	24.41 ± 0.20^h
Pusa Red	2855.08 ± 21.63^g	2699.48 ± 11.41^i	2466.60 ± 55.19^e	13.26 ± 0.42^f	496.23 ± 7.62^d	856.01 ± 26.17^i	181.72 ± 0.25^m	37.46 ± 0.43^l	26.10 ± 0.04^j
Pusa Riddhi	2662.61 ± 22.77^e	2381.53 ± 23.86^g	2300.07 ± 11.92^c	12.27 ± 0.34^e	404.02 ± 5.94^c	397.96 ± 8.69^e	161.35 ± 0.16^i	27.55 ± 0.39^f	21.42 ± 0.18^f
Sukhsagar	2188.48 ± 10.82^cd	2107.15 ± 23.17^f	2125.58 ± 81.74^b	11.20 ± 0.61^c	298.38 ± 8.39^b	281.13 ± 19.20^b	143.55 ± 0.32f	21.39 ± 0.30^c	19.93 ± 0.19^e
Udaipur Local	877.82 ± 38.79^a	762.42 ± 38.21^a	870.27 ± 32.49^a	9.11 ± 0.41^a	121.07 ± 0.56^a	188.16 ± 11.85^a	125.80 ± 0.34^b	19.55 ± 0.29^b	13.42 ± 0.41^b
%AI/PRI	124	12	—	126	—	80	191	60	114
RDA (mg/d)^#	3225–3750	600	600	4	1900–2100	310–340	17–21	10–12	1.7

Data are mean value ± standard deviation (n = 3) in mg/kg. As per the recommendations of EFSA [14]. ^#As per the recommendations of FSSAI [15]. —: not available. Values in the same column with different letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) by Duncan’s multiple range test.