Research Article
Potential of NMR Spectroscopy in the Characterization of Nonconventional Oils
Table 2
% of H based on 1H NMR analysis of bio-oil extracts in various solvents*.
| | Chemical shift range (ppm) | Proton assignments | % Distribution | | Pentane | Methanol | Ethyl acetate | CH2CH2 | Toluene | | S1 | S2 | S1 | S2 | S1 | S2 | S1 | S2 | S1 | S2 |
| | 0–4.4 | Aliphatics | 78 | 81 | 69 | 72 | 65 | 64 | 67 | 72 | 77 | 72 | | 4.4–6.0 | Alcohols, ethers, carbohydrates | 9 | 7 | 18 | 19 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 17 | 8 | 9 | | 6–8.5 | Aromatics, olefins, phenols | 12 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 18 | | 8.5–11.0 | Aldehydes, ketones, acids | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | | Yield, w/w% of total | | 3.3 | 5.2 | 22.6 | 17.7 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 5.9 | 9.8 | 6.3 |
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*Grouped according to chemical shift range; S1, S2 = bio-oil samples 1 and 2.
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