Research Article

Effect of Dropping Height on the Forces of Lower Extremity Joints and Muscles during Landing: A Musculoskeletal Modeling

Table 2

Effects of dropping height on the peak forces of main muscles in the lower limbs (unit: body weight, BW).

MusclesLow (32 cm)Medium (52 cm)High (72 cm)F

Gastrocnemius5.3 ± 1.65.8 ± 1.75.5 ± 2.00.210.812
Soleus9.9 ± 3.010.6 ± 3.711.8 ± 3.80.750.482
Tibialis posterior4.1 ± 1.74.8 ± 2.53.5 ± 1.61.090.351
Tibialis anterior7.2 ± 1.57.6 ± 1.77.6 ± 1.80.190.828
Biceps femoris3.3 ± 1.24.0 ± 1.15.6 ± 1.96.750.004
Rectus femoris0.5 ± 0.20.7 ± 0.31.0 ± 0.45.140.013
Vastus medialis0.7 ± 0.20.9 ± 0.31.0 ± 0.34.990.014
Vastus lateralis1.7 ± 0.52.7 ± 0.93.2 ± 1.17.840.002
Vastus internus0.4 ± 0.10.7 ± 0.20.8 ± 0.36.360.005
Gluteus maximus2.5 ± 0.85.1 ± 2.69.7 ± 2.528.78<0.0001
Gluteus medius3.8 ± 1.33.6 ± 1.68.5 ± 2.521.97<0.0001
Gluteus minimus0.7 ± 0.31.9 ± 0.92.8 ± 0.821.59<0.0001
Iliacus1.3 ± 0.41.4 ± 0.61.3 ± 0.50.400.67
Adductor magnus1.6 ± 0.51.8 ± 0.62.8 ± 0.711.00<0.001