Journal of Healthcare Engineering

Research Article

Rehabilitation of Upper Limb in Children with Acquired Brain Injury: A Preliminary Comparative Study

Table 3

Kinematic variables before (pre) and after (post) each treatment for the horizontal task. Data are presented as median (IQR). The sample size is for the CIMT, for the Armeo, and for the PT groups. values refer to the Wilcoxon test. Bold values: .


	Horizontal task parameters	Pretreatment	Posttreatment	value

CIMT ()
End-point metrics	MT_go [s]	3.42 (4.08)	3.08 (2.62)	0.25
	HPR_go	1.05 (0.64)	1.11 (0.48)	0.73
	MV_go [mm/s]	95.74 (60.63)	111.72 (49.20)	0.50
	#VP_tot	28.67 (43.00)	24.00 (19.00)	0.16
	Target error	0 (0)	0 (0)	0.88
Joint kinematics	ROM shoulder flex-ext [°]	45.82 (5.35)	47.57 (12.46)	0.25
	ROM shoulder abd-add [°]	13.54 (2.49)	19.32 (19.32)	0.10
	ROM elbow flex-ext [°]	47.55 (21.26)	44.37 (14.17)	0.91
	MAV shoulder flex-ext [°/s]	3.92 (4.52)	7.16 (5.95)	<0.01
	MAV shoulder abd-add [°/s]	12.70 (7.95)	14.19 (7.31)	0.65
	MAV elbow flex-ext [°/s]	13.49 (6.21)	18.12 (9.45)	0.16
Trunk	Trunk 3D path	39.12 (21.06)	34.29 (16.60)	0.91
Trunk	Z-TD_go	90.11 (78.62)	74.94 (42.20)	0.65
Armeo ()
End-point metrics	MT_go [s]	2.41 (2.73)	3.59 (2.10)	0.50
	HPR_go	1.11 (0.26)	1.12 (0.18)	0.73
	MV_go [mm/s]	122.18 (73.32)	114.65 (39.97)	0.43
	#VP_tot	25.67 (17.33)	30.00 (20.72)	0.91
	Target error	3.14 (14.44)	1.30 (3.91)	0.36
Joint kinematics	ROM shoulder flex-ext [°]	45.52 (9.59)	45.00 (15.86)	0.01
	ROM shoulder abd-add [°]	13.61 (7.40)	16.13 (4.72)	0.20
	ROM elbow flex-ext [°]	31.52 (14.30)	27.27 (16.73)	0.65
	MAV shoulder flex-ext [°/s]	6.68 (6.59)	6.03 (8.17)	0.72
	MAV shoulder abd-add [°/s]	15.42 (9.90)	13.37 (4.77)	0.16
	MAV elbow flex-ext [°/s]	14.44 (9.91)	9.63 (9.44)	0.73
Trunk	Trunk 3D path	352.52 (195.01)	443.60 (189.82)	0.73
Trunk	Z-TD_go	136.16 (44.51)	158.63 (54.40)	1.00
PT ()
End-point metrics	MT_go [s]	3.44 (2.38)	2.61 (2.73)	0.08
	HPR_go	1.08 (0.47)	1.02 (0.03)	0.03
	MV_go [mm/s]	103.36 (53.40)	147.31 (61.05)	0.04
	#VP_tot	31.17 (19.50)	18.50 (9.25)	0.02
	Target error	0.10 (0.26)	0.67 (0.53)	0.31
Joint kinematics	ROM shoulder flex-ext [°]	44.95 (17.62)	43.23 (8.31)	0.97
	ROM shoulder abd-add [°]	17.73 (8.68)	12.82 (14.56)	0.42
	ROM elbow flex-ext [°]	41.45 (19.07)	39.57 (28.90)	0.57
	MAV shoulder flex-ext [°/s]	5.88 (8.31)	5.42 (3.57)	0.52
	MAV shoulder abd-add [°/s]	11.68 (3.76)	16.72 (14.28)	0.11
	MAV elbow flex-ext [°/s]	12.82 (8.81)	13.85 (7.39)	0.42
Trunk	Trunk 3D path	313.42 (186.79)	300.32 (182.32)	0.18
Trunk	Z-TD_go	90.01 (102.48)	108.07 (91.19)	0.85