Research Article

Electrochemotherapy Effectiveness Loss due to Electric Field Indentation between Needle Electrodes: A Numerical Study

Figure 5

Decreasing the distance between needles in the same column (same polarity) reduces the minimum required voltage. The sequence of panels also shows a reduction of the irreversible electroporated area in comparison with (a). The distance between needles was reduced to (a) 90%, (b) 75%, (c) 50%, and (d) 25% of the original 7 mm. The initial 1100 V minimum required voltage was reduced by approximately (a) 2%, (b) 14%, (c) 30%, and (d) 50%.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)