Estimation of Breathing Rate with Confidence Interval Using Single-Channel CW Radar

Table 3

Summary of results for different postures with or without random body movements.

State of the subject	Number of samples	Absolute error with respect to reference in bpm (number of outliers)				Width of CI in bpm (number of outliers)
		Chirp transform	Average of micro-Doppler	Lower limit of CI	Higher limit of CI
Lying down and stationary	50	1.32 ± 0.79 (1)	0.82 ± 0.54 (0)	0.88 ± 0.61 (2)	1 ± 0.67 (1)	0.96 ± 0.67 (3)
Sitting and stationary	51	2.8 ± 2.55 (0)	1.25 ± 0.87 (0)	1.52 ± 1.37 (2)	1.76 ± 1.52 (0)	3.05 ± 2.81 (0)
Standing and stationary	51	4.36 ± 2.78 (0)	2.24 ± 1.39 (0)	2.90 ± 2.07 (0)	3.73 ± 3.28 (1)	5.50 ± 4.92 (1)
Lying down with movements	51	3.87 ± 2.07 (0)	2.05 ± 1.22 (0)	2.61 ± 1.96 (0)	2.65 ± 1.96 (0)	3.86 ± 3.03 (0)
Sitting with movements	51	4.57 ± 2.60 (0)	1.76 ± 1.30 (0)	4.23 ± 2.93 (1)	2.89 ± 2.65 (2)	6.35 ± 4.99 (2)
Standing with movements	51	3.99 ± 2.41 (0)	1.84 ± 1.32 (0)	3.29 ± 2.54 (1)	1.97 ± 1.60 (3)	5.26 ± 4.22 (0)