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Journal of Healthcare Engineering

Journal of Healthcare Engineering / 2020 / Article / Tab 2

Review Article

Application of Simulation Methods in Cervical Spine Dynamics

Table 2

Overview of FE head-neck models.
YearAuthorTypeSegmentIVD detailsLigament detailsMuscle detailsSimulated impact cases
1993Kleinberger [50]FEC0-T1Isolinear IVDIsolinear solid element—Frontal-axial
1994Dauvilliers et al. [51]FEC0-T1Linear compositeLinear spring/dampersPassiveFrontal-lateral
1998Yang et al. [52]FEC0-T1Isolinear AF, viscoelastic NPLinear cables and membranesPassiveAxial-lateral
1999Deng et al. [53]FEC0-T1Isolinear AF, viscoelastic NPLinear viscoelastic membranes15 pairs, active (Hill)Frontal
2000Halldin and Brolin [54]FEC0-T1Linear comp AF (shell)Bilinear cables14 pairs, active (Hill)Frontal-lateral-axial
2003Yang and Yao [55]FEC1–C7Isolinear AF, viscoelastic NPSpring elementsHughes-Liu element, activeFrontal
2004Meyer et al. [56]FEC0-T1Isolinear IVD (AF and NP)Nonlinear cablesSolid elements, passiveFrontal-lateral-rear
2005Fice et al. [57]FEC0-T1Isolinear AF, viscoelastic NPNonlinear tension-only membrane—Lateral
2006Zhang et al. [1]FEC0–C7Isolinear AF, Isolinear NPNonlinear cables—Rear
2008Toyota Motor Corporation [58]FEHuman body—Nonlinear tension-only membranePassiveRear
2011Panzer et al. [59]FEC0–C7Solid hexahedral elementsTension-only beam elements25 pairs, passive, active (Hill)Frontal
2011Fice et al. [57]FEC0–C7Solid elementsNonlinear tension-only spring elements25 pairs, passive, active (Hill)Rear
2014Cronin et al. [60]FEC0–C7Isolinear AF, Isolinear NPNonlinear axial elementsPassive-active (Hill)Rear
2016Östh et al. [61]FEC0–C7Hexahedral elements and orthotropic quadrilateralOrthotropic membrane elementsHill muscleRear
2017Hassan et al. [62]FEHuman bodyShell and brick elements1D elements1-D and brick elementsRear
2018Jiayi et al. [63]FEC0–C7Isotropic linear elasticIsotropic linear elastic (incompressible)Passive (the Ogden model of superelastic materials)Arrested landing
AF = annulus fibrosus; NP = nucleus pulposus; DOF = degrees of freedom; Hill = Hill muscle model; Pt = points; IVD = intervertebral disk.

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