Theoretical Background to Automated Diagnosing of Oral Leukoplakia: A Preliminary Report

Table 1

Summary statistics of textural features in normal oral mucosa and leukoplakia lesions.

Textural feature	Reference mucosa	Leukoplakia lesion	ANOVA
Long run emphasis inverse moments	9.70 ± 15.38	13.93 ± 8.90	F = 1.99;
Short run emphasis inverse moments	0.64 ± 0.14	0.56 ± 0.08	F = 10;
Entropy	1.73 ± 0.12	1.62 ± 0.10	F = 16;
Difference entropy	0.56 ± 0.09	0.50 ± 0.07	F = 11;
Wavelet transformation energy LL scale 5	57.44 ± 2.61	67.75 ± 1.52	F = 462;
Wavelet transformation energy LL scale 6	56.12 ± 2.61	65.65 ± 1.86	F = 309;

Lack of normal distribution.