Efficacy of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Clinical and Functional Outcomes, and Quality of Life in Women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Figure 2

Group x time effect of blood BDNF level, clinical and functional symptoms at baseline and 6-week follow-up. Blue represents the control group (CG, n = 15), and red represents the intervention group (IG, n = 17). The results are presented as mean ± SEM. (a) Blood brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. (b) Sit-to-stand test (STS), rep (repetitions). (c) Six-minute walk test (6MWT). (d) Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). (e) Sleep quality: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). (f) Depression screening: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). (g) Pain: visual analogue scale (VAS). Means followed by different symbols () represent significance within group (time effect). Means followed by different lowercase letters (a, b) represent significance between groups (group × time interactions) (Scheffé test, ).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)