|
Year | Title of the article | Author (s) | Findings and results |
|
2019 | Smart city and smart-health framework, challenges and opportunities | Al-Azzam and Alazzam [17] | ICT has led to the emergence of smart communities in the context of the healthcare sector. In this regard, with the incorporation of technology, continuous surveillance of patients is possible. This helps identify the critical situation in which immediate intervention is required, such as attending to patients and making changes to the healthcare regulations. |
|
2017 | Internet of things for smart healthcare: Technologies, challenges, and opportunities | Baker et al. [30] | The introduction of IoT has enabled healthcare practitioners to incorporate big data and self-learning systems in healthcare. This led to smarter management of the healthcare practices as self-learning systems can learn and intervene in various crucial situations. Thus, with this, the practitioners can determine anomalies timely and take preventive actions. Moreover, due to big data, the care providers can use patients’ related data for offering to personalize care to them. However, such systems can be threatening to the sensitive and personal data stored by the hospital and can be subjected to a data breach. |
|
2019 | Smart healthcare challenges and potential solutions using the Internet of things (IoT) and big data analytics | Zeadally et al. [57] | IoT allows remote healthcare monitoring to monitor the less or noncritical patients and prescribe treatment remotely. Hence, people living in rural areas can be benefited from this, thus, improving healthcare access and providing better control to the people over their healthcare. |
|
2020 | Blockchain as a driver for smart city development: Application fields and a comprehensive research agenda | Treiblmaier et al. [15] | Healthcare institutions have to deal with vast amounts of data of the patients shared with various institutions such as insurance companies. Thus, they are obliged to ensure confidentiality and protect such data, which is the major concern. Ensuring privacy and security for such large amounts of data is not possible with only IoT. In this regard, blockchain technology is increasingly being incorporated to ensure the interoperability of healthcare data. |
|
2020 | Blockchain and smart healthcare security: A survey | Tariq et al. [34] | Blockchain ensures high and unbreakable security for healthcare data, which can be subjected to theft and breach. The decentralized storage prevents the intervention by any unauthorized party, and thus, the data cannot be stolen or altered by such parties. Also, in the conventional centralized data systems, there is an issue pertinent to access that can be solved by the incorporation of blockchain technology. |
|
2019 | Applications of blockchain technology in smart city development: A research | Karale and Ranaware [2] | The benefits of the blockchain in the healthcare sector transcend beyond just security and privacy concerns. The technology allows for the development of a single healthcare data storage that can be easily accessed by the care providers and the patients. Hence, the patients are not required to carry multiple health records at every visit. The data can also be comprised of all the healthcare professionals in the city and other data pertinent to healthcare. |
|
2019 | Implementing blockchains for efficient health care: A systematic review | Vazirani et al. [54] | Blockchain would allow the care providers to get real-time health details, enhancing the effectiveness of precision medicine. Moreover, data from wearable devices and smartphones can be integrated to obtain real-time data. Hence, large amounts of real-time data can be obtained from patients without waiting until prior reports have arrived. |
|
2020 | Fog computing for smart cities’ big data management and analytics: A review | Badidi, Mahrez and Sabir [44] | Cloud computing and IoT technology are characterized by high latency time, which can be solved by incorporating fog computing. The technology ensures greater efficiency with reduced latency times. |
|
2017 | Fog computing in healthcare—a review and discussion | Kraemer, et al. [46] | Conventionally, sensor-to-cloud architecture is used in the healthcare sector for information exchange and accessing information from different locations. This type of infrastructure is restricted by the sector regulation that restricts the management from storing patients’ data outside of the healthcare institution. In this regard, fog computing seems promising with a streamlined information exchange process. |
|
2017 | Low-cost fog-assisted health-care IoT system with energy-efficient sensor nodes | Gia [55] | Fog computing allows for low-cost remote health monitoring with high speed and efficiency and low energy consumption. Hence, the efficiency of healthcare operations and practices has increased including collecting data, categorizing data and push notification, and managing the information channels. |
|