The Role of Cytokines in the Functional Activity of Phagocytes in Blood and Colostrum of Diabetic Mothers

Table 3

Intracellular Ca²⁺ release by mononuclear (MN) colostrum phagocytes of diabetic mothers indicated by fluorescence intensity.

Phagocytes	Incubated with	Fluorescence intensity (%)
		Normoglycemic	Diabetic
Colostrum	PBS	20.2±0.3	17.8±1.5^+
	IFN-γ	22.0±2.4	19.6±5.2
	TGF-β	20.4±0.56	18.1±3.28
Maternal blood	PBS	14.2±2.3^#	9.6±2.3^#+
	IFN-γ	16.6±2.6^#	10.2±2.2^#+
	TGF-β	15.5±3.8^#	9.1±2.6^#+
Cord blood	PBS	10.2±2.1^#	10.8±1.4^#
	IFN-γ	10.3±2.5^#	10.9±1.4^#
	TGF-β	19.6±5.2^∗	10.3±1.6^#+

Colostrum and blood mononuclear cells were preincubated or not with cytokines. *Indicates differences between phagocytes incubated with cytokines and the control (PBS) within each group and sample, ^#indicates differences between samples (colostrum, maternal blood, and cord blood) within each treatment (cytokines or PBS) and group; and ⁺indicates differences between normo- and diabetic groups within each treatment (cytokines or PBS) and sample (colostrum, maternal blood, or cord blood).