Chronic Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamic Nucleus in Wistar Rats Alters Circulatory Levels of Corticosterone and Proinflammatory Cytokines
Figure 2
Effect of unilateral vagotomy and deep brain stimulation of hypothalamic nucleus on cytokine levels in Wistar rats. Serum IL-1, IL-6, TNF- and IFN-, levels were detected by capture ELISA assay. Animals received the following experimental procedures; Sham (S): animals were operated to expose the vagal trunk, without cutting the vagus nerve. Sham plus electrodes/without electric stimulation (S + E/WES). Unilateral vagotomy (UVgX): right vagus nerve was carefully separated from the carotid artery and cut. Unilateral vagotomy plus electrodes/without electric stimulation (UVgX + E/WES). Deep brain stimulation (DBS): animals were implanted bilaterally with two electrodes. Unilateral vagotomy plus deep brain stimulation (UV + DBS). Animals without treatment (C). Experimental groups ( rats) were followedup 21 days and showed significant differences compared to C, S, UVgX, DBS, and UVgX + DBS. Data are expressed as mean ± SE. The differences between means were evaluated with one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc. Statistical significance was attributed when . C or S versus UVgX, DBS, UVgX + DBS, S + E/WES, and UVgX + E/WES groups; UVgX versus DBS, UVgX + DBS, S + E/WES, and UVgX + E/WES groups; DBS versus UVgX + DBS, S + E/WES, and UVgX + E/WES groups; UVgX + DBS, S + E/WES, and UVgX + E/WES groups versus C.
