Mouse/↗IL-13, IL-1β, GM-CSF, B7RP-1, but low IL-12, IFN-α, IL-18, IL-27 by BM-DCs. In vivo ↗IgE and IgG1 but not IgG2a; ↗IL-13 and IL-5 but not IFN-γ by specific CD4+ T cells after restimulation or i.n. challenge
Mouse Th1 cells/Direct stimulation ↗IFN-γ, cellular survival and proliferation in the absence of TCR stimulation; not observed for ligands of other TLRs
Human Mo-LC/MALP-2 and PGN ↗IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-23 by Mo-LC; ↗IL-17 by allogeneic CD4+ T cells cocultured with CD1+ Mo-LC stimulated with PGN or Pam3CSK4
Human PBMCs and T cells; Mouse in vivo models./↗IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-12 by human PBMCs, both directly and on antigen restimulation; ↘allergy in different models (↘Th2 cells, IgE, and eosinophilia)
Mouse/↗IL-12p35 and IL-10 in BM-DCs and oral myeloid DCs; treated DCs ↗IFN-γ and IL-10 by naïve CD4+ T cells; Sublingual administration with antigen in Ova-sensitized mice ↘airway hyperresponsiveness and Ova-specific IL-5 and IL-10 in cervical lymph nodes
Human Mo-DCs and Mouse spl. DCs, in vitro; Mouse, in vivo/↗high IL-10, low IL-6 and IL-12p70 by DCs; In vivo: low costimulatory molecules on splenic DCs or proinflammatory cytokines, induction of specific T cells secreting IL-10 but little Th1 or Th2 cytokines, and unresponsiveness to challenge with the antigen plus adjuvant (IFA)
Mouse/Direct activation of Tregs, with TCR and IL-2 stimulation, induced proliferation and temporary loss of suppressive properties, which are restored after removing the stimulus
Mouse/Induction of specific CTL responses higher than peptide admixed; In vitro cross-presentation of peptides in fusion, but not admixed, and independently of TLR2
HLA-A2kb transgenic Mouse; Human Mo-DCs/Induction of specific CTL responses. Lipopeptide-pulsed human DCs activated antigen-specific IFN-γ production by autologous CD8+ T cells
Mouse/Branched lipopeptide more potent in the primary response; both induced CTLs and conferred long-term protection against Ova-expressing tumor cells
Mouse/↗specific IgA in mucosal secretions and IgG in the serum after oral immunization. Intragastric delivery ↗systemic T cell stimulation and specific CTL activity
Mouse/i.n. immunization recruited DCs to the NALT, ↗antigen uptake, CCR7 and migration to draining lymph node. TLR2-dependent ↗ of specific CD4+ T cell proliferation, salivary IgA, and serum IgG
rLipo-D1E3 and rlipo-E7m: Domain 1 of the Ag473 lipoprotein from Neisseria meningitidis fused to a sequence of dengue virus envelope protein (E3) or inactive E7 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus (E7m); OprI or OprI-COOHgp63 BLPs: outer membrane lipoprotein I from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, alone or fused with a truncated 32-kDa version, the major cell surface glycoprotein gp63 of Leishmania major; [Th]: CD4+ T cell epitope; [Tc]: CD8+ T cell epitope; [B]: B cell epitope; K: Lysine with a palmitic (Pam), diacylated (P2CSS), or cholesterol (Chol) moiety attached to -amino group; 19-kDa, Tp47, and OspA LP: synthetic tripalmitoyl lipopeptides based on the sequences of 19-kDa lipoprotein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 47-kDa lipoprotein from Treponema pallidum, and OspA lipoprotein from Borrelia burgdorferi; 19-kDa and 38-kD BLP: 19-kDa and 38-kD lipoproteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis; LP40: synthetic lipopeptide CGP 40774; Hda: α-aminohexadecanoic acid; BPPcysMPEG: pegylated synthetic derivative of MALP-2; MAP: multiple antigen peptide; LT-IIa-B5: pentameric B subunit of type IIa enterotoxin of Escherichia coli. ↗: enhancement; ↘: decrease; BM-DCs: bone marrow-derived DCs; spl. DCs: splenic DCs; Mo-DCs: monocyte-derived dendritic cells; Mo: monocytes; Mo-LC: monocyte-derived Langerhan-like cells; D1 cells: a line of immature DCs derived from spleen cells; PBMC-DCs: PBMC-derived DCs; CB-PBMCs: cord blood-derived PBMCs; THP-1 cells: human monocytic cell line; i.n.: intranasal.
