Uniphasic Blanching of the Fingers, Abnormal Capillaroscopy in Nonsymptomatic Digits, and Autoantibodies: Expanding Options to Increase the Level of Suspicion of Connective Tissue Diseases beyond the Classification of Raynaud’s Phenomenon
Table 1
Demographic data, clinical features, and diagnostic investigations of the study cohort.
Primary RP
RP secondary to suspected CTD
Systemic sclerosis*
Number of subjects
39
55
20
Female number (%)
38 (97.4%)
51 (92.7%)
15 (75%)
Age median (IQR) years
44.8 (31.7–53.8)
42.4 (31.3–52.9)
58.2 (47.2–68.8)
RP duration median (IQR) years
5 (1.8–10)
3 (1.1–10)
2 (1.3–3)
RP bilateral number (%)
36 (92.3%)
47 (94%)
18 (90%)
Number of fingers with RP median (IQR)
8 (6–10)
8 (6–10)
8 (7.5–10)
Thumb affected by RP
15 (38.5%)
22 (44%)
7 (35%)
Uniphasic RP number (%)
17 (43.7%)
20 (36.3%)
11 (55%)
(i) White number (%)
15 (38.5%)
19 (34.5%)
10 (50%)
(ii) Blue number (%)
1 (2.6%)
1 (1.8%)
1 (5%)
(iii) Red number (%)
1 (2.6%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
Biphasic RP number (%)
18 (46.1%)
29 (52.8%)
5 (25%)
(i) White/blue number (%)
2 (5.1%)
4 (7.3%)
3 (15%)
(ii) White/red number (%)
16 (41%)
25 (45.5%)
2 (10%)
(iii) Blue/red number (%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
Triphasic RP number (%)
2 (5.1%)
6 (10.9%)
4 (20%)
VAS pain median (IQR)
12 (1–45)
13 (0–41.25)
40 (6.1–47.4)
VAS severity median (IQR)
13 (4–47.5)
15 (0–36.5)
9 (0–37)
VAS discomfort median (IQR)
2 (0.5–6.5)
3 (0–5)
3 (1–5.5)
ANA positivity number (%)
0 (0%)
29 (52.7%)
17 (85%)
Anti-ENA positivity number (%)
0 (0%)
22 (40%)
17 (85%)
Antigen
7 CENP A and B
8 CENP A and B
8 Ro52
2 Scl70
2 Scl-70; 1 Th/To
3 Ro52; 3 PM100
2 PM75; 2 Ku;
1 Th/To; 1 Ku;
3 PL7; 1 OJ; 1 EJ
1 RP155; 1 PL7
Capillaroscopy abnormal number (%)
0 (0%)
6 (10.9%)
16 (80%)
*In our cohort, all the patients with sRP were diagnosed as systemic sclerosis. RP: Raynaud phenomenon; CTD: connective tissue disease; IQR: interquartile range; ANA: anti-nuclear antibodies; anti-ENA: antiextractable nuclear antigen; VAS: visual analogue scale.
