Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Carriage in the Conjugate Vaccine Era with a Focus on Pneumococci

Table 1

Examples of studies identifying respiratory cocarriage of bacterial species in the PCV era.

Study	Study detail: vaccination status, species selected, and origin of samples	Methodology
Wiertsema et al. [104]	Post-PCV7, Spn, and Hflu (Australia)	Nasopharyngeal swab (NP) and conventional culture
Xu et al. [101]	Post-PCV7, Spn, Hflu, and Mcat (USA)	Nasal swab (NS), oropharyngeal sample (OP), and conventional culture
Spijkerman et al. [105]	Post-PCV7, Spn, SA, Hflu, and Mcat (Netherlands)	NP swab and conventional culture
Principi et al. [24]	Pre-PCV7, Spn, Hflu, and Mcat (Italy)	NP swab and conventional culture
Biesbroek et al. [75]	Post-PCV7 and pre-PCV7, Spn, Mcat, SA, and Spn (Netherlands)	NP swab and 454 pyrosequencing
Xu et al. [76]	Post-PCV7, Spn, Hflu, Mcat, and SA (USA)	NP, OP, and conventional culture
Pettigrew et al. [77]	Post-PCV7, Spn, Hflu, and Mcat (USA)	NP and 454 pyrosequencing
Laufer et al. [102]	Post-PCV7, Spn (USA)	NS swab and 454 pyrosequencing
Bogaert et al. [103]	Post-PCV7 and reduced dose PCV7, Spn, Hflu, Mcat, and SA (Netherlands)	NP swab and 454 pyrosequencing

This table includes vaccination status, species chosen for monitoring, and the origin of the samples as well as the methodology used for a comparison. Spn: S. pneumoniae; Hflu: H. influenzae; SA: S. aureus; Mcat: M. catarrhalis. 454 pyrosequencing is nonculture based identification.