Achalasia—An Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figure 1

Proteins involved in extracellular matrix turnover in achalasia. (a) Representative photomicrograph from a control and an idiopathic achalasia tissue in which an abundant inflammatory infiltrate is observed. Original magnification was ×200. (b) Histological findings in biopsies from achalasia patients. (c) Immunoreactive cells. Original magnification was ×320. (d) Results are expressed as mean (yellow line), median (black line), and 5th/95th percentiles of MMP-9⁺ cells. (e) Immunohistochemistry for TIMP-1 in control and achalasia sections. Arrows depict immunoreactive cells. Original magnification was ×320. (f) Results are expressed as mean (black line), median (yellow line), and 5th/95th percentiles of TIMP-1⁺ cells.

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