Achalasia—An Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figure 2

Proinflammatory/antifibrogenic cytokine expression in achalasia. Immunohistochemistry for (a) IL-22, (c) IL-17, and (e) CD4/IFN-γ T cells in control and achalasia sections. Arrows depict immunoreactive cells. Original magnification was ×320. Results are expressed as mean (yellow line), median (black line), and 5th/95th percentiles of (b) IL-22⁺, (d) IL-17⁺, and (f) CD4/IFN-γ⁺ T cells.

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