Review Article
Aptamers: A Feasible Technology in Cancer Immunotherapy
Table 1
Summary of agonistic and antagonistic aptamers used in cancer immunotherapy.
| Target | Nature | Species | Function | Treatment | Reference |
| Immune checkpoints | CTLA-4 | RNA | Murine | Antagonist | Treatment for melanoma tumor | [35] | TIM-3 | RNA | Murine | Antagonist | Treatment for colon carcinoma in combination with PDL-1 blockade | [36] | PD1 | DNA | Murine | Antagonist | Treatment for colon carcinoma | [37] |
| Cytokines | IL-10R | RNA | Murine | Antagonist | Treatment for colon carcinoma | [25] | Human & murine | Not described | Not described | [26] | IL-6 | DNA | Human | Antagonist | In vitro growth inhibition of human glioma and hepatoma | [38] | IL-6R | RNA | Human | Delivery | Not described | [39] | IL-4R | RNA | Human & murine | Antagonist | Treatment for mammary carcinoma | [40] | TNF-α | DNA | Human | Antagonist | In vitro prevention of TNF-α-induced apoptosis | [41] |
| Immune receptors | 4-1BB | RNA | Murine | Agonist | Treatment for mastocytoma tumor | [42] | Human & murine | Not described | Not described | [26] | OX-40 | RNA | Murine | Agonist | Dendritic cell-based vaccine adjuvant in melanoma tumor | [43] | Human | Agonist | In vitro proliferation of CD4 T cells | [44] | CD28 | RNA | Murine | Agonist | Idiotypic vaccine adjuvant for B-cell lymphoma tumor | [45] | Antagonist | In vitro reversion of CD4 T cells proliferation | CD40 | RNA | Murine | Agonist | Targeted NMD inhibition in B-cell lymphoma tumor | [46] | Antagonist | CD40 blockade in B-cell lymphoma tumor | DEC205 | RNA | Murine | Agonist | Adoptive transfer adjuvant in B16-OVA melanoma tumor | [47] | CD16α | RNA | Human | Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) | In vitro lysis of both human gastric and lung cancer cell lines | [48] | BAFF-R | RNA | Human | Antagonist | Targeted STAT-3 inhibition in mantle cell lymphoma tumor | [49] |
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