Review Article

Recent Advances in Our Understanding of HLA-G Biology: Lessons from a Wide Spectrum of Human Diseases

Table 2

Novel findings on HLA-G and pregnancy.

ObservationCorrelation with outcome of pregnancyAuthor

HLA-G+ EVT but not HLA-G VT have immune activating potential and induce TregsTilburgs et al. [13]
dNK acquired HLA-G through interaction with EVT and can be reactivated by cytokine stimulationTilburgs et al. [46]
High HLA-G levels in placental bed correlated with high expression of KIR2DL4 and LILRB1 on dNK cellsDjurisic et al. [47]
Enhancer L on HLA-G gene is controlled by CEBP and GATA that are also essential for placentationFerreira et al. [48]
sHLA-G is higher in maternal blood at GW20 than at term and higher in maternal blood than in umbilical bloodKlitkou et al. [49]
Higher 14 bp alleles in fetus are related to higher sHLA-G in maternal blood at termDahl et al. [50]
sHLA-G in seminal plasma is related to 14 bp ins/del genotype and can predict the success of ARTPositive correlation with the success of ARTDahl et al. [51]
Higher frequency of 14 bp ins alleles in HLA-G gene is related to the outcome of pregnancyPositive correlation with RIFLashley et al. [52]
Higher sHLA-G and frequency of KIR2DL4+ NK cells in uterine flushing samples from secondary infertile women than in primary infertile womanNegative correlation with infertilityRizzo et al. [53]
SNP in 3′ UTR of HLA-G gene is related to outcome of pregnancyPositive correlation with high risk of preeclampsiaQuach et al. [54]
SNP in 5′ URR of HLA-G gene is related to outcome of pregnancyPositive correlation with RSAAgrawal et al. [55]
Lower sHLA-G and PAPP-A in women with GDM at third trimesterBeneventi et al. [56]
Higher sHLA-G in women with preexisting rheumatic disease at third trimesterPositive correlation with the success of pregnancyBeneventi et al. [57]