T Lymphocytes and Inflammatory Mediators in the Interplay between Brain and Blood in Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential Pools of New Biomarkers

Figure 1

Aβ transport across the blood brain barrier (BBB) in Alzheimer disease. In Alzheimer disease the loosing of tight junctions leads to increased BBB permeability. In healthy conditions the Aβ peptide is transported to the brain by the receptor for advanced glycosylation products (RAGE) and cleared from the brain to the blood by LDL-Receptor-Proteins (LRPs) followed by p-glycoprotein (P-gp). In Alzheimer’s disease these transport systems are impaired: the expression of RAGE is increased and the expression of LRPs is decreased, leading to the accumulation of Aβ in the brain.