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| References | Cell types | Activation signals | Molecular effect | Metabolic shifts | Immune response |
|
| Bajwa et al. [101] | Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) | Influenza (flu) and respiratory virus | HIF1α translocation (↑) | Glycolysis (↑) | Interferon alpha (IFN-α) production and antiviral activity |
| Wu et al. [102] | Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) | TLR-9 agonist (CpG) | PPAR-α-dependent FAO activity (↑) | OXPHOS (↑) | Interferon alpha (IFN-α) production and antiviral activity |
| Pantel et al. [103] | CD11C+MHC II+DX5−B220− splenic DCs | TLR-3 agonist (poly I:C) | HIF1α expression (↑) | Glycolysis (↑) | Interferon α/β receptor- (IFNAR-) mediated DC maturation |
| Malinarich et al. [104] | Monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) | TLR-4 agonist (LPS) | FAO activity (↑)
ATP (↓) | OXPHOS (↑)
Glycolytic capacity (↑) | Induce tolerance, negatively regulates immunogenicity |
| Everts et al. [54] | GM-DCs | TLR-4 agonist (LPS) | HK-II activation | Glycolysis (↑) (early events: within minutes of stimulation) | Activation and function of DC |
Everts et al. [75]
Amiel et al. [105] | Monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) | TLR-4 agonist (LPS) | iNOS (↑)
mTOR-dependent NO (↓) production | OXPHOS (↓)
Glycolysis (↑)
(late events: after 24 hours of stimulation) | DC survival and inflammation |
| Boukhaled et al. [106] | DCs constitutively expressing transcriptional repressor: PCGF6 | TLR agonist (LPS) | Active transcriptional silencing by histone demethylation | Glycolysis (↓) | Maintenance of DC quiescence |
| Wang et al. [30] | Tsc1-deficient bone marrow-derived DCs | Spontaneous | mTORC-1 activity (↓) | Glycolysis (↑)
OXPHOS (↑) | Checkpoint of DC development and differentiation; DC-mediated T cell response |
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