The Role of Proteinase-Activated Receptors 1 and 2 in the Regulation of Periodontal Tissue Metabolism and Disease

Table 1

Potential activators of PARs in the periodontium.

Protease	Protease-3	Thrombin	Plasmin	Tryptase	MMP-1 & MMP-13	Gingipains	Dentilisin	Aa protease
Origin	Neutrophils	Fibrin clot	Fibrin clot	Mast cells	Monocytes/macrophages	Porphyromonas gingivalis	Treponema denticola	Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Type	Serine protease	Serine protease	Serine protease	Chymotrypsin-like protease	Collagenases	Cysteine proteases; (i) Arginine; (HRgpA and RgpB); (ii) Lysine (Kgp)	Chymotrypsin-like enzyme	Arginine and lysine proteases
PAR interaction	PAR2 activation	PAR1 activation; PAR3 activation; PAR4 activation	PAR1 activation	PAR2 activation	PAR1 activation	PAR1 activation; PAR2 activation	PAR2 disarming	PAR2 activation

PAR: protease activated receptor; MMP: matrix metalloproteinase; Aa: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.