Adenosine Triphosphate Promotes Allergen-Induced Airway Inflammation and Th17 Cell Polarization in Neutrophilic Asthma

Figure 4

Local administration of suramin inhibits neutrophilic airway inflammation. (a) Instillation of apyrase-neutralized airway ATP. Apyrase was intratracheally administered into mice 30 min before allergen challenge, and ATP levels in the BALF were analyzed by a luciferin-luciferase assay. The values represent the means ± SEM (). and compared with the asthma group. (b) Apyrase inhibited the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages into BALF. BALF was collected at 24 h after the last OVA challenge. Differential cells were counted in the BALF of mice in control, asthma, and apyrase-treated groups. The values represent the means ± SEM (). and compared with the asthma group. (c) Representative H&E staining of lung tissues. H&E-stained lung tissues from mice in control—A, asthma—B, and apyrase-treated groups—C. The peribronchial and perivascular inflammations were decreased in apyrase-treated mice.

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