TNF Tolerance in Monocytes and Macrophages: Characteristics and Molecular Mechanisms

Figure 1

Two forms of TNF tolerance. TNF preincubation (pre) leads to reduced sensitivity towards further restimulation (re) with TNF (absolute tolerance) or causes elevated gene expression levels resistant to further upregulation following TNF restimulation (induction tolerance) in comparison to medium preincubated cells (naïve).