Phenotypic Characterization of Circulating CD4⁺ T Cells in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis

Figure 1

Median percentage of central memory (CM), naïve, effector memory (EM), and effector (Eff) T cells of the CD4⁺ T cell population. AAV patients have significantly lower percentage of naïve CD4⁺ T cells () and higher percentage of EM () compared to HBD. No differences were detected to TC. The AAV group was divided according to clinical diagnosis (GPA and MPA) as well as ANCA specificity (PR3-ANCA and MPO-ANCA) and reanalysed. Both GPA and MPA had lower percentage of naïve CD4⁺ T cells compared to HBD ( and , respectively), but no significant differences for the other subpopulations were found. No differences were found between the PR3-ANCA group and MPO-ANCA, HBD, or TC. The MPO-ANCA group had a significantly smaller proportion of naïve CD4⁺ T cells () and a larger percentage of EM CD4⁺ T cells () compared to HBD.