Journal of Immunology Research

Review Article

The Proportion of Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the individual studies included in the meta-analysis.


Author (ref.)	Publish year	Country	EL^a	Q^b	Case numbers		Tregs’ definition	Data type	% of Tregs among CD4⁺ T cells [mean (or median) ± SD]
Author (ref.)	Publish year	Country	EL^a	Q^b	SLE	HC	Tregs’ definition	Data type	SLE	HC

Mesquita, D., Jr., et al. [31]	2018	Brazil	4	4	37	10	CD4⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	6.49 ± 4.99	3.05 ± 1.76
Ferreira et al. [32]	2017	UK	4	5	34	24	CD25^lowCD127^lowFOXP3⁺	Calculated	18.8 ± 2.64	6.39 ± 0.74
Singla et al. [33]	2017	USA	4	4	2	1	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	4.48 ± 0.49	2.97
Singla et al. [33]	2017	USA	4	4	2	1	CD25^highFOXP3^high	—	1.02 ± 0.97	0.58
Wang et al. [34]	2017	China	4	5	47	25	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	2.32 ± 0.15	3.02 ± 0.34
Zahran et al. [35]	2016	Egypt	4	4	20	20	CD25^+/highFOXP3⁺	Original	1.32 ± 0.25	2.24 ± 0.52
Margiotta et al. [36]	2016	Italy	4	3	13	11	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Original	1.27 ± 0.9	2.8 ± 1.2
Zabinska et al. [37]	2016	Poland	4	4	54	19	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	1.10 ± 1.27	3.36 ± 0.52
Zabinska et al. [37]	2016	Poland	4	4	54	19	CD25⁺CD127⁻	Calculated	5.79 ± 2.13	8.11 ± 1.4
Handono et al. [38]	2016	Indonesia	4	5	62	62	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Original	2.3 ± 2.1	0.9 ± 0.8
Legorreta-Haquet et al. [39]	2016	Mexico	4	3	47	17	CD25^highCD127^low/−FOXP3⁺	Calculated	1.54 ± 0.84	2.92 ± 0.73
Eltayeb et al. [40]	2014	Egypt	4	3	37	20	CD25^brightFOXP3⁺	Original	52.6 ± 4.2	45.6 ± 6.4
Dal Ben et al. [41]	2014	Brazil	4	4	25	25	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Original	0.74 ± 0.34	1.83 ± 0.77
Dal Ben et al. [41]	2014	Brazil	4	4	25	25	CD25⁺	Original	1.28 ± 0.89	1.81 ± 0.8
Tselios et al. [42]	2014	Greece	4	4	100	20	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Calculated	0.99 ± 0.36	1.49 ± 0.19
Bonelli et al. [43]	2014	Austria	4	4	61	36	CD25⁻FOXP3⁺	Original	5.1 ± 0.5	1.1 ± 0.2
Szmyrka-Kaczmarek et al. [44]	2014	Poland	4	4	21	13	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Original	18.57 ± 10.44	32.08 ± 11.54
Szmyrka-Kaczmarek et al. [44]	2014	Poland	4	4	21	13	CD25⁺	Original	6.75 ± 3.73	6.65 ± 1.59
Longhi et al. [45]	2013	United Kingdom	4	3	12	10	CD25⁺CD127⁻	Original	88.9 ± 3.2	92.5 ± 0.7
							CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Original	9.27 ± 2.2	19.9 ± 2.5
							CD25^highCD127⁻	Original	89.5 ± 0.5	99.2 ± 0.1
							CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Original	1.07 ± 0.37	2.04 ± 0.17
Prado et al. [46]	2013	Spain	4	3	75	29	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Calculated	1.65 ± 1.41	1.47 ± 0.68
							FOXP3⁺	Calculated	10.22 ± 5.10	6.41 ± 3.13
							CD25⁻FOXP3⁺	Calculated	6.71 ± 5.37	3.13 ± 1.61
Kim et al. [47]	2012	Korea	4	3	13	22	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Original	4.6 ± 1.3	5.0 ± 1.3
Xing et al. [48]	2012	China	4	4	20	22	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Original	5.12 ± 0.67	6.12 ± 0.74
Xing et al. [48]	2012	China	4	4	20	22	CD25^high	Original	2.08 ± 0.32	2.76 ± 0.49
Pan et al. [49]	2012	China	4	3	41	15	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	3.44 ± 0.74	3.90 ± 0.40
Yu et al. [50]	2012	China	4	4	16	30	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Original	1.53 ± 0.8	3.97 ± 1.21
Yu et al. [50]	2012	China	4	4	16	30	CD25⁺CD127⁻	Original	2.46 ± 1.12	4.43 ± 1.05
Xing et al. [51]	2012	China	4	4	60	28	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	4.57 ± 1.07	6.09 ± 0.86
Kleczynska et al. [52]	2011	Poland	4	4	15	11	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Calculated	1.80 ± 1.56	2.10 ± 0.67
Mesquita et al. [53]	2011	Brazil	4	4	57	26	CD25^highCD127^low/−FOXP3⁺	Calculated	0.97 ± 1.04	0.66 ± 0.50
Henriques et al. [54]	2010	Portugal	4	4	34	13	CD25^brightCD127^low/−	Calculated	8.16 ± 3.53	7.10 ± 2.70
Suen et al. [55]	2009	China	4	4	87	36	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Calculated	0.64 ± 0.39	0.86 ± 0.39
Bonelli et al. [21]	2009	Austria	4	4	22	15	CD25⁻FOXP3⁺	Original	7.5 ± 1.0	1.4 ± 0.4
Atfy et al. [56]	2009	Egypt	4	4	30	10	CD25^high	Calculated	6.18 ± 1.90	8.07 ± 2.04
Atfy et al. [56]	2009	Egypt	4	4	30	10	CD25⁺	Calculated	15.29 ± 5.97	21.3 ± 5.0
Li et al. [57]	2009	China/Chinese	4	4	47	22	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	3.37 ± 1.83	3.5 ± 1.4
Lee et al. [58]	2008	Korea	4	3	20	21	CD25⁺	Original	15.2 ± 0.2	22.1 ± 0.9
Venigalla et al. [59]	2008	Germany	4	4	26	19	CD25^lowFOXP3⁺	Calculated	10.68 ± 1.63	6.3 ± 0.4
Venigalla et al. [59]	2008	Germany	4	4	26	19	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Calculated	2.35 ± 0.51	1.75 ± 0.10
Bonelli et al. [60]	2008	Austria	4	3	58	24	CD25^high	Calculated	1.15 ± 1.00	2.0 ± 0.1
Bonelli et al. [61]	2008	Austria	4	3	17	8	CD25^high	Calculated	1.06 ± 0.40	1.8 ± 0.16
Bonelli et al. [61]	2008	Austria	4	3	17	8	FOXP3⁺	Calculated	13.02 ± 3.60	6.5 ± 1.3
Azab et al. [62]	2008	Egypt	4	4	24	24	CD25⁺	Original	10.37 ± 4.44	7.78 ± 4.69
Hu et al. [63]	2008	China	4	4	38	16	CD25⁺	Calculated	4.91 ± 2.97	16.25 ± 3.19
Yan et al. [64]	2008	China	4	3	25	15	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	8.00 ± 1.64	4.78 ± 0.43
Zhao et al. [65]	2008	China/Chinese	4	3	29	24	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Original	2.1 ± 1.2	4.0 ± 1.4
							CD25⁺CD127⁻	Original	4.7 ± 2.3	5.0 ± 1.2
							CD25^high	Original	0.8 ± 0.4	1.8 ± 0.8
Hahn et al. [66]	2008	America	4	4	36	32	CD25^high	Calculated	1.24 ± 0.50	1.85 ± 0.81
Zhang et al. [67]	2008	China	4	4	21	11	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Calculated	4.51 ± 3.30	4.68 ± 5.77
Barath et al. [68]	2007	Hungary	4	4	72	41	CD25^highFOXP3⁺	Original	3.06 ± 1.45	4.26 ± 1.01
Lyssuk et al. [69]	2007	Russia	4	3	43	17	CD25⁺FOXP3⁺	Original	1.8 ± 0.8	4.9 ± 1.4
Lyssuk et al. [69]	2007	Russia	4	3	43	17	CD25⁺	Original	6.1 ± 3.8	10.3 ± 3.9
Lee et al. [70]	2006	Taiwan	4	3	27	15	CD25⁺	Calculated	8.13 ± 2.80	9.78 ± 2.11
Suarez et al. [71]	2006	Spain	4	3	110	56	CD25^high	Original	8.34 ± 7.04	5.47 ± 2.43
Miyara et al. [30]	2005	France	4	5	107	82	CD25^bright	Calculated	0.95 ± 0.62	1.29 ± 0.38
Crispin et al. [72]	2003	Mexico	4	3	30	10	CD25⁺	Calculated	18.6 ± 8.18	20.6 ± 5.9
Crispin et al. [72]	2003	Mexico	4	3	30	10	CD25^bright	Calculated	1.6 ± 0.04	2.57 ± 0.3

SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus. ^aEvidence level (EL) of each study was based on Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011. ^bQuality (Q) of each study was based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale case.