Research Article

A Cross-Sectional Study of the Association between Autoantibodies and Qualitative Ultrasound Index of Bone in an Elderly Sample without Clinical Autoimmune Disease

Table 4

Baseline demographic and disease-related characteristics of study population, total ().

Descriptive characteristicsMedian (IQR); n (%); mean (SD)

Age (years)—median (IQR)65 (55–85)
Male gender—n (%)1246 (44.31%)
PA (step count)—median (IQR)6534.25 (4414.63–8572.75)
TARFS—mean (SD)27.9627 (±8.02231)
Antidepressant—n (%)257 (9.14%)
Inhaled steroids—n (%)127 (4.52%)
Antiepileptics—n (%)24 (0.85%)
Calcium—n (%)309 (10.99%)
Vitamin D—n (%)47 (1.67%)
(i) Smoking class “never”—n (%)1432 (50.92%)
(ii) Smoking class “ever”—n (%)1021 (36.31%)
(iii) Smoking class “now”—n (%)211 (7.50%)
(a) BMI < 18.5 “underweight”—n (%)16 (0.57%)
(b) 18.5 ≤ BMI< 25 “normal”—n (%)548 (19.49%)
(c) 25 ≤ BMI< 30 “overweight”—n (%)1151 (40.93%)
(d) BMI ≥ 30 “obese”—n (%)863 (30.69%)

Categorical data is presented as frequencies and proportions in brackets. Where continuous data is not normally distributed data is presented as medians with interquartile ranges included in brackets. indicates data that is not normally distributed. Where data is normally distributed, means and standard deviations are presented. IQR: interquartile range; BMI: body mass index; PA: physical activity; TARFS: Total Australian Recommended Food Score.