Alda-1 Ameliorates Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Activating Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 and Enhancing Autophagy in Mice

Figure 4

Alda-1 pretreatment alleviates mitochondrial injury and ROS production after HR challenge in vitro. (a, b) Representative pictures of mitochondrial membrane potential of primary hepatocytes after HR challenge with or without Alda-1 pretreatment. The ratio of green to red fluorescence intensity was determined. Scale bars: 25 μm. (c, d) Representative pictures of mitochondrial ROS accumulation of primary hepatocytes after HR injury. The mitochondrial ROS was expressed by the relative red area of the total picture. Scale bars: 50 μm. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 4–6). .

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