Review Article

Ficolins and the Recognition of Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Overview of the Innate Immune Response and Contribution of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms

Table 1

Expression, sugar specificity, and target pathogens of human and rodent ficolins.

Tissues of originGene localizationSugarsPAMPsEndogenous/artificial ligandsPathogen interactions

Human
M-ficolinCell surface, serum9q34GlcNAc, GalNAc, LacNAc, SiaLacNAc, CysNAc, sialic acid, gangliosidesEbola virus glycoprotein, chitin, β-1, 3-glucansAcetylated human albumin CD43S. agalactiae, S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, S. mitis, E. coli, IAV, T. cruzi, Zaire Ebola virus, A. fumigatus
L-ficolinSerum9q34GlcNAc, GalNAc, ManNAc, CysNAc, GlyNAc, NeuNAc, acetylcholine, elastinβ-1, 3-glucans, N-glycans, HA, neuraminidase, teichoic acid, LPSAcetylcholine, elastin, corticosteroidsS. aureus, S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, B. subtilis, S. typhimurium, E. coli, S. pneumoniae, L. monocytogenes, M. bovis BCG, M. tuberculosis, M. smegmatis, E. faecalis, A. fumigatus, HCV, IAV, T. cruzi, G. intestinalis, Leptospira biflexa, Pasteurella pneumotropica
H-ficolinSerum, bronchus, alveolus, bile1p36.11GlcNAc, GalNAc, fucose, glucose, acetylsalicylic acid, sialic acid, D-mannose, GlyNAc, CysNAcLPS, PSA, Ag85S. typhimurium, S. minnesota, E. coli O111, Hafnia alvei, A. fumigatus, IAV, T. cruzi, G. intestinalis, P. pneumotropica, M. bovis BCG, M. kansasii
Rodent
Ficolin-ASerum2A3GlcNAc, GalNAcLPSFibrinogenS. pneumoniae, S. aureus, E. coli O157:H7, P. aeruginosa, C. neoformans, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. terreus, A. niger
Ficolin-BPeritoneal MØ2A3GlcNAc, GalNAc, LacNAc, SiaLacNAc, LDL, NeuNAcLDL, fetuinNk

BM, bone marrow; GlcNAc, N-acetylglucosamine; GalNAc, N-acetylgalactosamine; LacNAc, N-acetyllactosamine; SiaLacNAc, sialylated N-acetyllactosamine; CysNAc, N-acetylcysteine; ManNAc, N-acetylmannosamine; GlyNAc, N-acetylglycine; NeuNAc, N-acetylneuraminic acid; HA, hemagglutinin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; IAV, influenza A virus; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LTA, lipoteichoic acid; HCV, hepatitis C virus; Nk, not known.