Enhancement of Immune Responses by Guanosine-Based Particles in DNA Plasmid Formulations against Infectious Diseases

Figure 3

Th1 and Th2 cytokine profile as result of codelivery of pDNAs and SHS particles by Quantikine® ELISA. Seven days after last immunization, splenocytes from mouse groups (/group) under study were stimulated for five days with HIV-1 Gag or VVWR A27-overlapping peptide mix. Afterwards, the culture supernatants were collected to determine the IFN-γ and IL-4 concentration. Cytokine levels were determined by correlating with a standard curve. (a) Levels of antigen-specific produced IFN-γ in response to HIV-1 Gag peptide mix (). (b) Levels of antigen-specific produced IFN-γ in response to VVWR A27 peptide mix (pA27L study) (). (c) Levels of antigen-specific produced IFN-γ in response to VVWR A27 peptide mix (pOD1A27Lopt study) (). (d) Levels of antigen-specific produced IL-4 in response to HIV-1 Gag peptide mix (). (e) Levels of antigen-specific produced IL-4 in response to VVWR A27 peptide mix (pA27L study) (). (f) Levels of antigen-specific produced IL-4 in response to VVWR A27 peptide mix (pOD1A27Lopt study) (). Data are shown as the of at least three independent immunization studies with three replicates.

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