Human Immune System Increases Breast Cancer-Induced Osteoblastic Bone Growth in a Humanized Mouse Model without Affecting Normal Bone

Figure 3

Tumor-induced bone changes in NOG and huNOG mice. (a) The bone lesion area at 4, 6, and 8 weeks after cancer cell inoculation (mm², ). The data was modeled using a linear mixed-effect model and comparisons by model contrasts. The obtained values were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Statistical significances are marked as and . (b) BMD in the tumor-bearing tibia relative to BMD in the healthy tibia (g/cm², ). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and pairwise comparisons using Dunnett’s test. Statistical significance is marked as and . (c) Trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV; %, ) and trabecular thickness (mm, ). Prior to statistical analysis, the data was transformed using logarithmic transform. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA. No statistical differences were observed (). (d) Mouse TRACP5b serum levels (U/l, ). The data was modeled using a linear fixed-effect model, and the comparisons were carried out using model contrasts. The obtained values were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Statistical significance is marked as . (e) Representative TRACP stainings from histological sections, magnification 20x. (f) Quantitation of the osteoblast number on the bone surface (OB/BS, ). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and pairwise comparisons using Dunnett’s test.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)