Anti-GAPDH Autoantibody Is Associated with Increased Disease Activity and Intracranial Pressure in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Table 3

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of SLE patients with the elevated and normal levels of serum anti-GAPDH antibodies.

Clinical and laboratory parameters	Anti-GAPDH
	<55.09 ()	≥55.09 ()
Rash	21 (47.73%)	34 (39.53%)	0.800	0.371
Nervous system	11 (25.00%)	24 (27.91%)	0.125	0.835
Hematological system	26 (59.09%)	59 (68.60%)	1.164	0.281
Joint involvement	15 (34.09%)	41 (47.67%)	2.190	0.139
Malar rash	16 (36.36%)	20 (23.26%)	2.498	0.114
Lung involvement	6 (13.64%)	17 (19.77%)	0.751	0.386
LN	26 (59.09%)	30 (34.88%)	6.956	0.008
WBC	6.050 (4.20, 7.99)	4.845 (3.56, 7.68)	-1.314	0.189
HB			0.132	0.895
PLT			-0.595	0.553
C3			-0.725	0.470
C4	0.13 (0.07, 0.17)	0.12 (0.06, 0.20)	-0.189	0.850
IgA	2.40 (1.58, 3.73)	2.57 (1.89, 3.87)	-0.688	0.491
IgG	12.85 (9.33, 17.73)	17.10 (13.10, 20.05)	-0.278	0.006
IgM	0.84 (0.51, 1.23)	1.02 (0.72, 1.49)	-2.390	0.017
RF	7 (16.67%)	23 (27.06%)	1.683	0.267
CRP	2.75 (1.41, 9.28)	6.65 (2.23, 13.80)	-2.197	0.028
ESR	21.00 (13.00, 40.00)	35.00 (21.00, 65.50)	-3.172	0.002
Acl	4.45 (1.73, 11.90)	5.00 (2.10, 10.95)	-0.412	0.680
β2-GI	3.84 (2.00, 15.87)	5.47 (2.00, 16.63)	-0.618	0.537
Anti-dsDNA	28.20 (5.80, 153.20)	51.80 (13.50, 200.00)	-1.670	0.095
AnuA	36.07 (5.69, 147.84)	31.45 (7.37, 191.90)	-0.840	0.401
	35 (79.55%)	75 (87.21%)	0.772	0.380
Anti-SSA	23 (54.76%)	46 (53.49%)	0.018	0.892
Anti-SSB	5 (11.90%)	10 (11.63%)	0.002	1.000
Urine protein	21 (47.73%)	28 (33.33%)	2.532	0.112
SLEDAI-	24 (54.55%)	60 (69.77%)	2.950	0.086

LN: lupus nephritis; WBC: white blood cell; HB: hemoglobin; PLT: platelet count; C3: complement component 3; C4: complement component 4; IgA: immunoglobulin A; IgG: immunoglobulin G; IgM: immunoglobulin M; RF: rheumatoid factor; CRP: C-reaction protein; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; Acl: anti-cardiolipin; β2-GPI: anti-β2 glycoprotein I Abs; anti-dsDNA: anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies; AnuA: anti-nucleosome antibodies; ANA: anti-nuclear antibodies; anti-SSA: anti-SSA antibody; anti-SSB: anti-SSB antibody; SLEDAI-2K: systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000.