Single-Domain Antibody-Based TCR-Like CAR-T: A Potential Cancer Therapy

Figure 1

TCR-like CAR-T cell therapies for intracellular antigens degraded and presented on the tumor surface in the form of MHC/peptide complexes. Three of the possible methods are illustrated. (a) Conventional TCR-like antibody CAR-T cell therapies, with scFv to recognize the MHC/peptide complex and then trigger T cell activation and proliferation. (b) VHHs substituting conventional antibodies as the extracellular antigen-binding domains for the TCR-like nanobody CAR-T cell therapies. (c) VHHs simultaneously secreted in an intratumoral immune environment for the TCR-like nanobody CAR-T cell therapies, aside from the VHHs engineered into extracellular antigen-binding domains.