Protective Effects of Two Safflower Derived Compounds, Kaempferol and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A, on Hyperglycaemic Stress-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis via Modulating of Macrophage M1/M2 Polarization

<div>Determination of hyperglycemic conditions capable of inducing phenotypic transition of M1 macrophage. 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Abbreviations: LPS: lipopolysaccharide; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide, the solvent control of LPS.</div>

Journal of Immunology Research

fig1

Figure 1

Figure 1: Protective Effects of Two Safflower Derived Compounds, Kaempferol and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A, on Hyperglycaemic Stress-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis via Modulating of Macrophage M1/M2 Polarization 

Figure 1 | Protective Effects of Two Safflower Derived Compounds, Kaempferol and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A, on Hyperglycaemic Stress-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis via Modulating of Macrophage M1/M2 Polarization 