Review Article
Is there a Role of Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Immunologic Recurrent Pregnancy Loss?
Table 2
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
| Authors (years) | The number of previous miscarriages | Primary/secondary RPL | The number of experimental group/control group | Placebo | Timing of IVIg treatment | Success rates (experimental group vs. control group) | Conclusions |
| NA (1994) [33] | Three or more | Primary | 27/30 | 5% albumin | 5-8 weeks | 74% vs. 70% () | The effect of IVIg in primary RPL could not be confirmed. | Christiansen (1995) [34] | Three or more | Secondary | 34 total | 1.5% albumin | After pregnancy was confirmed | 52.9% vs. 29.4% () | The effect of IVIg in secondary RPL was uncertain. | Coulam (1995) [37] | Two or more | Primary () and secondary () | 47/48 | 0.5% albumin | 500 mg/kg/month before conception | 62% vs. 38% () | IVIg was effective for RPL patients. | Perino (1997) [36] | Three or more | NA | 22/24 | 5% albumin | 25 g/day from 5-7 weeks | 68% vs. 79% () | IVIg cannot facilitate the progression of pregnancy. | Stephenson (1998) [35] | Two or more | Primary and secondary | 32/30 | Saline | 500 mg/kg before conception | 70% vs. 55% for secondary RPL | IVIg seemed to be effective for secondary RPL patients. | Jablonowska (1999) | Three or more | Primary and secondary | 22/19 | Saline | 20 g every 3 weeks after | 77% vs. 79% () | There is no statistically | [55]. | | | | | Heart beat was seen by ultrasound | | Significant difference between IVIg and placebo. | Christiansen (2002) [27] | Four or more | Primary and secondary | 29/29 | 1.5% albumin | 800-1000 mg/kg when pregnancy test was positive | 58% vs. 24% () | IVIg may improve pregnancy outcome for secondary RPL. | Stephenson (2010) [29] | Three or more | Secondary | 29/39 | Saline | 500 mg/kg preconception | 70% vs. 63% () | No treatment benefit was found. | Christiansen (2015) [30] | Four or more | Secondary | 42/40 | 5% albumin | 400 mg/kg when pregnancy test was positive | 54.8% vs. 50% () | IVIg did not enhance the live birth rate in secondary RPL patients. |
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NA: nonanalyzed.
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