After trauma, multiple sclerosis (MS) represents the most common cause of neurological disability in young people, with a significant personal, social, and economic public health burden. MS is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, in which repeated episodes of autoimmune-mediated demyelination result in the formation of gliotic scar tissue plaques associated with varying degrees of axonal loss. Moreover, a defective immunoregulation has been demonstrated at different levels in MS, defect that can be partially restored by some therapies used for MS. A better knowledge of the interplaying factors that modulate the activation and/or function of immune cells will contribute to better understanding of the etiopathogenesis of MS and will enable the design of therapeutical strategies for individualized cell therapy. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Recent advances in immunopathogenesis of MS
• Advances on immune targets for MS
• Sex dimorphism and immunoregulation
• Role of microbiota in MS
• Vitamin D as an immunomodulator for MS
• Immunoregulatory effects of MS therapies
• Recent developments of therapies based on immunopathophysiology
• Towards a personalized therapy for MS

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