Ezetimibe: Its Novel Effects on the Prevention and the Treatment of Cholesterol Gallstones and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Table 1
Plasma and biliary lipids before (day 0) and at day 30 after ezetimibe treatment in humans (20 mg/day)a.
Parameter
Overweight subjects without gallstones
Gallstone patients
Before
After
Before
After
BMI (kg/m2)
31.5 ± 3.8
31.4 ± 3.4
27.0 ± 2.8
27.1 ± 2.3
Plasma lipid concentrations
Total Ch (mg/dL)
220 ± 41
168 ± 29b
223 ± 32
193 ± 26
LDL Ch (mg/dL)
144 ± 53
99 ± 36
145 ± 26
115 ± 23b
HDL Ch (mg/dL)
44 ± 13
37 ± 13
45 ± 11
45 ± 11
TG (mg/dL)
164 ± 88
160 ± 104
166 ± 64
165 ± 76
Biliary lipid compositions of gallbladder biles
Ch (mole%)
7.4 ± 0.7
6.8 ± 1.9
9.3 ± 1.9
7.2 ± 1.2b
PL (mole%)
20.2 ± 2.4
21.8 ± 2.5
19.3 ± 2.8
20.0 ± 3.5
BS (mole%)
72.4 ± 2.9
71.4 ± 3.9
71.4 ± 4.3
72.8 ± 4.2
Ch/PL ratio
0.37 ± 0.03
0.31 ± 0.08
0.48 ± 0.05
0.37 ± 0.06c
Ch/BS ratio
0.10 ± 0.01
0.10 ± 0.03
0.13 ± 0.03
0.10 ± 0.02
[TL] (g/dL)
5.3 ± 0.4
5.0 ± 0.9
5.5 ± 0.7
5.3 ± 0.8
CSI
1.2 ± 0.1
1.0 ± 0.2
1.6 ± 0.2
1.3 ± 0.2b
CDT (days)
6.4 ± 1.1
10.4 ± 1.1c
4.0 ± 1.2
7.0 ± 1.3c
aValues were determined from overweight subjects without gallstones () and gallstone patients ().
b and c, compared with before ezetimibe treatment (paired t test). BMI: body mass index; TG: triglycerides; Ch: cholesterol; PL: phospholipids; BS: bile salts; [TL]: total lipid concentrations; CSI: cholesterol saturation index; CDT: crystal detection time. Reproduced with slightly modifications and with permission from [15].
