Effect of Supplementation with n-3 Fatty Acids Extracted from Microalgae on Inflammation Biomarkers from Two Different Strains of Mice

Table 4

Effect of supplementation with EPA and DHA fatty acids extracted from microalgae on Th1 and Th2 cytokines in db/db.

db/db mice	8 weeks old	16 weeks old
	BL	RC	MD	LY	SAT
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Th1; % TCD4+/
IFN-γ	22.5 ± 0.4	11.5 ± 0.4	7.2 ± 0.5	2.1 ± 0.4	15.7 ± 0.4
TNF-α	10.2 ± 0.4	7.7 ± 0.4	8.8 ± 0.4	2.4 ± 0.4	1.4 ± 0.4
IL-12	1.2 ± 0.1	12.4 ± 0.5	10.2 ± 0.5	6.8 ± 0.1	3.6 ± 0.5
IL-17A	1.4 ± 0.1	4.2 ± 0.3	3.7 ± 0.1	11.4 ± 0.3	11.4 ± 0.3
Th2; % TCD4+/
IL-4	1.8 ± 0.08	8.2 ± 0.3	6.6 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.1	10.3 ± 0.2
IL-5	19.9 ± 0.8	9.4 ± 0.4	7.5 ± 0.6	2.1 ± 0.2	6.5 ± 0.2
IL-6	1.5 ± 0.1	3.1 ± 0.4	4.5 ± 0.2	4.0 ± 0.1	14.8 ± 0.2
IL-10	1.44 ± 0.2	16.0 ± 1.3	7.3 ± 0.2	2.7 ± 0.08	14.5 ± 0.2
TGF-β	3.2 ± 0.4	2.1 ± 0.05	5.5 ± 0.1	4.9 ± 0.09	7.1 ± 0.1

Data are presented as means ± standard deviations of percentage of TCD4+ cells producing cytokines. One-way ANOVA for comparison of differences between BL group at 8 weeks versus all the groups at 16 weeks. value was significant at <0.05.