Surface Modification and Alloying of Aluminum and Titanium Alloys with Low-Energy, High-Current Electron Beams

Figure 1

TEM images of the microstructure of the near-surface layer of Al2024 alloy before (a) and after irradiation in the melting (b) and evaporation (c) modes; (d) is electron-diffraction pattern for (c).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)