“Color-Tripole Ice” as a Conceptual Generalization of “Spin Ice”
Figure 5
The second two-dimensional model of color-tripole ice—continuation. (a) A different one of the 36 color-tripole crystal states that obey the generalized ice rule for color-tripole ice and preserve the translational symmetries of the lattice. It is made of configurations (a) and (e′) of Figure 1. (b) An example of a ground state containing a twice-turned blue/green color-swap line (at the two grey hexagons) inserted into the crystal state in (a). (c) A “usual kind” of type-I Y-intersection of three color-swap lines which make 120° with each other, inserted into the crystal state of (a). In this case the three color-swap lines all reside on one type of lattice sites. (d) An “unusual kind” of type-I Y-intersection, where the three color-swap lines do not make 120° with each other. In this case both types of lattice sites are involved in the three color-swap lines.
