Analysis of Urban Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Forest Ecological Services Based on the Multilayer Linear Model

Table 4

Impact of urban level variables on urban residents’ willingness to pay.

Independent variable	Fixed effect				Random effect
	Estimated value	SE	t	P	Variance	X^2
					0.04932	14.677
Intercept	2.434256	0.087131	27.162	≤0.001
CPI	−0.153227	0.103141	−1.432	0.217
Employee salary	0.000013	0.000011	1.515	0.191
Safeguard expenditure	0.000214	0.000344	0.532	0.599
					0.01923	6.92311
Years	−0.03189	0.063121	−0.481	0.637
CPI	−0.08712	0.070651	−1.245	0.029
Employee salary	0.000040	0.000070	0.625	0.564
Safeguard expenditure	0.000391	0.000241	1.581	0.019
					0.02731	12.252
Monthly income	0.138321	0.068014	2.045	0.012
CPI	−0.027432	0.078331	−0.361	0.731
Employee salary	0.000009	0.000008	0.951	0.041
Safeguard expenditure	0.000021	0.000271	0.075	0.931
					0.02316	9.615
Education level	0.064131	0.034127	1.932	0.051
CPI	−0.09312	0.082651	−1.119	0.034
Employee salary	0.000030	0.000060	0.513	0.651
Safeguard expenditure	0.000511	0.000221	1.472	0.031
					0.02374	8.419
Place of residence	−0.114279	0.096134	−1.125	0.335
CPI	−0.028272	0.090111	−0.321	0.771
Employee salary	−0.000008	0.000018	−0.423	0.692
Safeguard expenditure	−0.000156	0.000322	−0.477	0.671
					0.25851	22.135
Environmental awareness	0.841223	0.198161	4.221	0.019
CPI	−0.387153	0.239276	−1.631	0.019
Employee salary	0.000036	0.000025	1.482	0.023
Safeguard expenditure	0.001657	0.000823	1.912	0.014