Ecosystem-Scale Effects of Nutrients and Fishing on Coral Reefs

Figure 1

Location of ecological survey sites on Kiritimati, Line Islands, Republic of Kiribati. Twenty-four sites were chosen to create a balanced natural factorial experimental design to test the effect of nutrients (proxied by chlorophyll-a) and fishing on the fish and benthic communities. An additional 13 sites were chosen to capture the full fishing gradient and test mechanisms.