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Mushroom name | Active principle | Activity | Reference |
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Ganoderma lucidum Common name: Reishi | Triterpenes, Ganoderiol F Ganoderic acid B Ganodermanontriol. Ganodermadiol Polysaccharide (ganopoly) Triterpenes Polysaccharides Ganoderon A, Ganoderon B, Ganoderon C β-D-glucan Glycoprotein | Active against HIV-1 Cytotoxic to hepatoma cells Active against herpes simplex virus-1 Causing palliative effect on cancer related symptoms and hepatitis B treatment Protection against atherosclerosis Hypoglycemic effect during treatment of type 2 diabetics Immunostimulative antitumor activity Antitumor activity | [65, 67] |
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Ganoderma applanatum | Steroids Applanoxidic acid G Applanoxidic acid G | Antagonist to both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria Active against influenza virus type A Active against mouse skin tumor promoters Useful in treatments of pain | [65] |
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Lentinula edodes Common name: shiitake | Oxalic acid present on caps Polysaccharide lentinan Emitanin Soluble lignin Eritadenine (a nucleotide derivative) | Antibacterial activity Inhibits Sarcoma 180 and HIV induced cytopathic effect Used in tumor/chemo/radiotherapy/surgery Anti-HIV activities Antilipidemic activity and reduces risk of atherosclerosis | [65] |
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Flammulina velutipes | Sesquiterpenes, proteins, and polysaccharides Enokipodins Velutin protein Alcoholic and hot water extracts of its sporophores | Antitumor Antifungal and antibacterial Inactivating ribosome and inhibiting HIV-1 reverse transcriptase Cytostatic effects against tumor cells Antiallergic and anticomplementary effects | [65] |
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Auricularia- auricula judae | Acidic heteroglycans | Antitumor | [65] |
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Auricularia polytricha | Antiplatelet compound Adenosine | Arhterosclerotic activity | [65] |
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Pleurotus ostreatus | Lovastatin | Arhterosclerotic activity | [65] |
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Grifola frondosa | Polysaccharide β-D-glucan Maitake D-fraction Proteins with β-D-glucan (Grifolan) Xyloglucan, fucomannoglucan Heteroglucans proteins Mannogalactofucan Heteroxylan Galactomannoglycan | Antiviral activity and immunostimulatory effect HIV-antitumor activity Antitumor activity | [67] |
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Laetiporus sulphureus | Dehydrotrametenolicacid | Hypoglycemic activity Insulin sensitizer and reducing hyperglycemia | [67] |
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Lenzites betulina |
Betulinam A | Radical scavenger | [67] |
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Cordyceps militaris | Polysaccharides (Cordycepic acid and β-D-glucans) Triterpenoids Nucleosides (cordycepin, 3-deoxyadenosine) Proteins, amino acids Vitamins (B-complex and ascorbic acid) Minerals (trace elements) | Cancer Fatigue Respiratory and pulmonary diseases Liver and renal disorders Male and female sexual dysfunctions Cardiovascular diseases | [65] |
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Cordyceps sinensis | Adenosine, cordycepin, and ergosterol | Antioxidative property | [68] |
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Morchella esculenta | Polysaccharides, proteins, enzymes, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids No cholesterol | Cures pneumonia, fever, cough, cold, and stomachache Cures diseases for pregnant and lactating minerals For respiratory ailments | [65] |
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Pleurotus sajor-caju | Proteins having polysaccharide xyloglucan, xyloproteins | Antitumor | [67] |
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Agaricus campestris | Glycoproteins | Antitumor | [67] |
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Boletus edulis | | Antitumor | [67] |
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Calvatia gigantea | Calvacin | Antitumor | [67] |
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Cyathus stercoreus | Polyketide Cyathusals A, B, and C Pulvinatal antioxidant effect | Antitumor | [67] |
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Tricholomopsis rutilans | Polysaccharides Phenol fosmicin B Sterols | Antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant | [67] |
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Oudemansiella radicata | E-b methoxy acrylate | Antibiotic effect | [66] |
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Collybia velutipes | Eritadenine | Decreasing cholesterol | [66] |
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