Molecular Mechanisms of Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced DNA Damage and Repair

Table 4

NER proteins and their probable role in human and S. cerevisiae.

NER Factors		Name		Function	References
	Human	Yeast S. cerevisiae	Size (a.a)
XPC-hHR23B	XPC	Rad4	940	Binds damaged DNA; recruits other NER proteins; works with hHR23B. involved only in GGR	[22, 226, 227]
	hHR23B	Rad23	409	Stimulates XPC activity in vitro; contains ubiquitin domain	[22, 227–229]
	hHR23A	Rad23	363	Can substitute for hHR23B in vitro	[227, 230]
	CEN2	—	172	Stabilizes the XPC-hHR23B complex	[216, 231]
TFIIH	XPB	Rad25/SSL2	782	3^→5^ helicase	[227, 232, 233]
	XPD	Rad3	760	5^→3^ helicase	[227, 233, 234]
	p34	TFB4	303	DNA binding?	[227, 228, 235]
	p44	SSL1	395	DNA binding?	[227, 228, 233]
	p62	TFB1	548	Core TFIIH subunit	[227, 228, 236]
	p52	TFB2	462	Core TFIIH subunit	[227, 228, 233, 236]
	Mat1	TFB3	309	CDK assembly factor; CAK subcomplex	[227, 228]
	Cdk7	Kin28	346	CDK, C-terminal domain kinase; (CAK) subcomplex; phosphorylates RNA pol. II and other substrates	[227, 228]
	Cyclin H	CCL1	323	Cyclin; CAK subcomplex	[227, 228]
	TFB5/TTDA (p8)	Tfb5	71	Stabilizing subunit	[228, 237]
XPA	XPA	Rad14	273	Binds damaged DNA and facilitates repair complex assembly; affinity for ssDNA	[183, 238, 239]
	RPA70	Rfa1	616	Stabilizes opened DNA complex; positions nucleases; ssDNA binding	[227, 240–242]
RPA	RPA32	Rfa2	270	Stabilizes opened DNA complex; positions nucleases; ssDNA binding	[227, 240–242]
	RPA14	Rfa3	121	Stabilizes open complex (with XPA/Rad14)	[22, 240, 241]
XPG	XPG	Rad2	1186	Endonuclease (catalyzes 3^ incision); stabilizes full open complex	[228, 243–245]
ERCC1-XPF	ERCC1	Rad10	297	Part of structure-specific endonuclease; catalyzes 5^ incision; interstrand cross-link repair	[227, 246–248]
	XPF	Rad1	905	Part of endonuclease (5^-incision); recombination via single-strand annealing	[227, 246, 249]
DDB	DDB1	—	1140	CPD recognition?	[228, 250, 251]
	DDB2	—	428	Chromatin remodeling?	[228, 251]